Gas stove



. 5, 1939. H. w. oDowD GAS STOVE 2 Shees-Sheet l Filed June 24, 1936INVENTOR. Mw, @ma

W, Maw

ATTORNEYS.

Dec. 5, 1939.

H. W. O'DOWD GAS STOVE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 24, 1936 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

- upon a slidable Patented Dec.l'5, 1939 UNITED STATES GAS STOVE HenryW. ODowd, Jersey City, N. J., assignor to Standard Gas EquipmentCorporation, a corporation of Maryland Application June 2451936, SerialNo. 87,022l

3 Claims.

`This invention relates generally to gas stoves. and more particularlyto broiling units wherein the foodstuff to be broiled or toasted isplaced vertically adjustable grill and presented at the desired levelbelow a burner or series of burners whose flames are directed downwardlytoward the article or articles of food to be cooked.

In these broiler units, it is common practise to employ some form ofheat radiant arranged above the flame ports of the burner or burners toradiate the heat downwardly toward the broiler grill in order to obtaina more intense heat concentrated more uniformly thereover; and manyadvantages .are derived therefrom, since the cooking time is lessenedwith a consequent saving of fuel, the cooking is more uniformlyaccomplished, and because the heat is radiated at a high intensity thecooking may be done at a safe distance below the flames to preventburning. Other advantages are well known to those familiar with the typeof broiler referred to and need no elaboration.

The burners usually employed comprise tubes substantially circular incross-section and formed with lateral flame ports; and the heat radiantsare ordinarily made eitherof a fire clay composition and supported bythe burners or of calorized wire gauze attached to the sides of theburners. Along with the advantages flowing from these arrangements,there are, however, many disadvantages and undesirable features. Forexample, one of the'most pronounced disadvantages arises from theexposure of the greater portion of the tubular burners to the intenseheat concentrated below them, and which in a short time causes them towarp to such extent that they must be replaced, for in warping theydisplace or break away from the radiants, rendering the latterinefcient, or sag and get out of alignment and fall away from theirsupports. If the radiants are very open or porous for the free passageof the products of combustion to the flue, the heat of the flames is, ofcourse, less concentrated and intense as well as less uniformlyradiated.

It is the object of the present invention to obviate these and otherundesirable features and disadvantages and, to this end, the inventioncontemplates an improved construction and arrange-` ment of partswhereby the heat radiant serves the two-fold purpose of radiating theheat of the flames uniformly and efficiently at a high intensity andalso of insulating the burners from the intense heat of the flames. Morespecifically, the invention provides an improved burner which isnon-circular in cross-section,

with its naar.

and` which is formed its lower edge to axis extending vertically, withlateral flame ports near direct the'ames horizontally. Two or more suchburners are arranged side by sidein horizontal alignment and freelysupport between them heat 5 radiants whose lower surfaces lieimmediately above the flame ports and which are formed to vent theproducts of combustion at points remote from the flame ports andsubstantially in registry with the tip ends o f the burner ames, the 10arrangement permitting a maximum of heat radiation and yet practicallyvcomplete insulation by the radiants of the major portions of theburners from the intense heat of the ames.

1nthe accompanying drawings, the invention 15 has been shown merely byway of example and in preferred form and obviously many variations andmodifications may be made therein which will still be comprised withinits spirit. It is 'to be understood, therefore, that the invention isnot 20 limited to any specific form or embodiment except insofar as suchlimitations are specified in the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is-a top plan view of the broiler unit, 25 partly broken away andwith some of the radiants being omitted to show the construction andarrangement of the parts:

Fig. 2 is a broken vertical section of the broiler unit, taken fore andaft;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged, fragmentary transverse section, showing theburners and the association of the radiants therewith; and

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of one burners. v 35 Referring particularlyto Figs. 1 and 2, the broiler unit I is arranged in the casing 2 of thestove below the oven 3, since it is common practise to employ thebroiler burners for heating the oven. The broiler unit I comprises aseries of 40 burners or burner tubes 4 extending from the front to therear of the casing 2 and supporting between them in free engagementtherewith heat radiants 5 inthe form of brick slabs of a fire claycomposition. 4 are supported on a ledge or'angle bracket 6 secured tothe rear wall 1 of the casing 2 and are held against lateral and rotarydisplacement thereon by straps 8 secured by stove bolts 9 to the ledge5. The forward or front ends of the 50 burners are formed to flt overand be supported by nipples I0, screwed into gas outlet tubes IIthreaded internally as at I2 for that purpose and which lead from thesides of twin manifolds or mixing chambers I3 arranged at the front ofthe 55 of the The 'r ear ends of the burners 45- lin stove, the nipplesI passing through openings I 4 provided in the front wall I5 of thecasing 2 and which openings are closed at the front by shoulders I6formed on the nipples. In the embodiment shown, six burners l areemployed and arranged side by side in the same horizontal plane, threeburners feeding from each of the manifolds i3. The arrangement is suchthat all six burners may be employed at one time if necessary or,when,desirable, either set of three burners fed by one manifold may beused alone. The particular form of manifolds employed extend across theface of the stove and each is formed of two tubes I'I and I8, the formerfitted within the latter and being open at its distal end as at I9,whereby the gas entering from the main feed pipe (not shown), when thepetcock 2U is turned on, and the air entrained thereby through a shuttersurrounding the petcock are allowed ample opportunity to mix in passingthrough the inner tube II and back between the tubes Il and I8 beforeescaping through the outlet tube II leading from the outer tube I8 tothe burners l.

Each burner 4 is non-circular in cross-section and, as best shown inFig. 3 has its major axis extending vertically or at right angles to thelower surfaces of the heat radiants 5. Near its lower edge, the burneris provided on opposite sides with equally spaced flame ports 2|, lyingin a common horizontal plane and being of a deflnite uniform size. Aboutmidway up the sides of the burner, there are formed on each side thereofa centrally located pair of double angle supports 22 `and near each enda single angle support 23 for sustaining a series of three heat radiantsbetween adjacent burners in free engagement with the supports and thesides of the burners, the radiant and burner walls being correspondinglyinclined as at 2l (Fig. 3) to insure a nice fit between them. It isbecause a series of radiants is employed between adjacent burners,

instead of one long radiant (which could of course be used) that thedouble brackets 22 are provided, since they support the center radiant5* and the inner ends of the end radiants 5b and 5, the outer ends ofthe two latter radiants being supported by the single end brackets 23.

As already stated, the radiants 5 are formed of a fire clay composition,fire clay, as is well known, being highly refractory and possessing goodinsulating qualities. In the present instance, the flat lower surface 25of each radiant 5 is notched at each corner, as at 5d, to accommodatethe supports 22 and 23 and allow the radiant to extend well down thesides of the burners between which it is fitted; and on the surface 25there are formed closely arranged small frusto-ccnical projections 26,whose lower ends lie in a common horizontal plane immediately above thefiame ports 2| of the burners 4. These projections 26 present heatradiating surfaces of large areas and in breaking up the burner flamesare very readily brought to a point of incandescence; while the fiatsurfaces 25 from which they project deflect as well as radiate the heatdownwardly toward the broiler grill. Along a median line, each radiant 5is perforated throughout its length to form a plurality of vents 21 tocarry off the products of combustion and the heat which accumulates inthe broiler chamber. As shown, according to the preferred embodiment thevents 21 are alternately different size, but it is pointed out thattheir form is more or less arbitrary as long as they provide projections26 passageways of sumclent area adequately to carry off the products ofthe combustion.

In operation, by virtue of the shape of the burners l and of the formand association of the radiants 5 therewith, the flames are directedlaterally and horizontally from points very close to the lower edges ofthe burners to play directly on the projections 26 oi' the radiants;while the unabsorbed heat and products of combustion are immediatelyvented at points substantially in registry with the tip ends of theflames. With this arrangement, the projections 26 are constantlysubjected to the full intensity of the heat of the flames and are notcooled because of any venting immediately above them and, hence, arebrought rapidly to incandescence and maintained at a constant intensityof heat. The fiat surfaces 26 of the radiants 5 direct the heat radiatedby the downwardly away from the burners and the indirect or rising heatis, of course, to a large extent entrained through the vents 21 and awayfrom the lower edges of the burners l. Thus the burners l are insulatedand protected by the radiants 5 and remain relatively unaffected byeither the direct or indirect heat of the flames, so that they will notbe brought to red heat or to a temperature high enough to cause them tosag and warp. The angular formation of the supports 22 and 23 preventstheir warping and dislocating the radiants 5; while the free engagementof the radiants with the supports and with the burners allows forwhatever expansion and contraction of the parts may take place withoutdamage thereto. Moreover, the utilization oi a series of radiantsbetween adjacent burners instead of a single long radiant lessens thetendency of the radiants to crack due to the effect of sudden changes intemperature on the parts, and in the event that one of them shouldbecome damaged, it can be replaced with veryv little difficulty orexpense.

As already stated, the invention has been shown in its preferredembodiment and obviously variations thereof will suggest themselves tothose skilled in the art which will still be comprised within its scope.For example, the radiants could be supported or sustained in freeengagement with the burners by means other than supports on the burnersthemselves. Furthermore, although the burners have been described asarranged side by side vin horizontal alignment and as being formednoncircular in cross-section with their major axes extending vertically,obviously the invention is not so limited and the directionalexpressions vertically, horizontally", etc., are used in the appendedclaims only in a relative sense, since the invention is applicable togas stoves or heaters such as are commonly employed, for example, innon-wood burning fire-places or rotisserie ranges, wherein the burnersare arranged in vertical alignment or in lateral alignment but withtheir major axes extending horizontally.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In a gas broiler. the combination of a series of burners arranged inthe broiler compartment in parallel spaced relation and formed in theiropposite sides below the center lines thereof with laterally directedflame ports arranged to project flames in opposite directions from oneburner toward another, and a plurality of fire-brick slabs arrangedabove the level of the flame ports and closely fitted to the burners soas substantially to embed the burners therein, the fire-brick slabsbetween each pair of burners being imperforate save for localized ventsformed therein remote from both burners to permit the heat currents topass through the slabs, whereby the fire-brick slabs serve the two-foldpurpose of radiating heat from the burner flames and shielding theburners from the heat of the ames.

2. In a gas broiler, the combination of a series of burners arranged inthe broiler compartment in parallel spaced relation and formed in theiropposite sides below the center lines thereof with laterally directedllame ports arranged to project flames in opposite directions from oneburner toward another, and a plurality of fire-brick slabs arrangedbetween each pair of burners and at the outer sides of the end burnersabove the level of the iiame ports and being closely tted to the burnersso as substantially to embed the burners therein, the fire-brick slabsbeing imperforate save for localized vents formed therein remote fromthe burner to permit the heat currents to pass through the slabs,whereby the firebrick slabs serve the two-fold purpose of radiating heatfrom the burner flames and shielding the burners from the heat of theames.

3. In a gas broiler, the combination of a series of burners non-circularin cross-section arranged in the broiler compartment in parallel spacedrelation and having their major cross-sectional axes extendingvertically, the burners being formed in their opposite sides below thecenter lines thereof with laterally directed flame ports arranged toproject flames in opposite directions from one burner toward another,and a plurality of fire-brick slabs arranged between each pair ofburners and at the outer sides of the end burners with their bottomsurfaces immediately above the level of the ame ports and being closelyfitted to the burners so as substantially to embed the burners therein,the rire-brick slabs being imvperforate save for localized vents formedtherein remote from the burners to permit the heat currents to passthrough the slabs near the tips of the flames, and the slabs beingformed on the imperforate portions of their bottom surfaces withtapering projections adapted to be brought to incandescence by the heatcurrents passing to the vents, whereby the lire-brick slabs serve thetwo-fold purpose of radiating heat from the burner flames and shieldingthe burners from the heat of the flames.

HENRY W. ODOWD.

